Lottery is a gambling game where numbers are drawn to determine the winner of prizes. Many governments, as well as private promoters, organize lotteries. Prizes can range from cash to goods or services. Often a percentage of the proceeds from the lottery is given to public good projects. It is an alternative to conventional taxation. It is also a popular form of entertainment. The first recorded lotteries date from the Low Countries in the 15th century. They raised money for town fortifications, poor relief, and a variety of public usages. The Dutch state-owned Staatsloterij still runs the oldest continuously running lottery (1726).
Despite their popularity, lotteries are controversial. Some economists believe they undermine social trust and may lead to corruption. Others point out that promoting them can create an addiction to gambling and increase the risk of financial disaster. In the United States, the state-sponsored Mega Millions lottery has generated nearly $16 billion in winnings since its inception in 1992. But despite the huge jackpots, most of those who play the lottery are not winners. The odds of winning the grand prize are extremely small, and winning can be devastating to those who do win.
The purchase of lottery tickets cannot be explained by decision models based on expected value maximization. It is more likely that buyers purchase the ticket to experience a thrill or indulge in fantasies of becoming rich. These motives are better captured by more general utility functions based on things other than the lottery outcomes.